History is third parent. There is no History without Geography. Every historical event has taken place somewhere over the Planet of Earth. It must have left behind some archaeological evidence. The geographical characteristics of the location of event and its surroundings are important. Until some archaeological and physical evidence is not available, the story of the event remains unconfirmed. It may then be regarded as a myth or fiction. Myths and fictions are usually too attractive and become popular, therefore one has to be very careful in finding historic facts. A correct analysis of the past history leads to the future in a meaningful direction.
A correct understanding of geographical description answers many complex questions in a very simple manner. The most rigid slave system and Pharaohs' rule in Egypt was mainly due to location of Egypt which was surrounded by natural hazards all around. It was an attractive land for the people suffering from frequent famine in surrounding areas. Egypt was like a CAGE where hungry birds used to come for food and were easily captured and enslaved by the Pharaohs. Geography of Mesopotamia was different and with lesser hazards and therefore lesser degree of slavery. The Indus Valley was a too vast area of many river valleys and therefore free from rigid slavery.
Understanding of Geography is absolutely necessary for interpretation of the events described in Holy Scriptures and Holy Quran. These Books also emphasize on learning from ruined settlements of earlier people and their civilizations. Over the passage of time and due to various natural disasters, the ruined sites are required to be discovered and physical evidences are to be found. Unfortunately religious scholars and even many of renowned scholars have not bothered to learn geography of the event which they have kept on describing with wrong locations. Some of them had also given geographical maps which are not partially but totally wrong. Such wrong interpretations keep on damaging the research and understanding of many generations. Therefore clear knowledge of geography is necessary for all historians and interpreters of the past history.